Active Transport
Active Transport is the movements of ions or molecules across a Cell Membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy. This energy is usually provided in the form of ADP or ATP, types of sugar molecules produced in cells from more complex sugars. Active Transport requires the assistance of a type of protein called a carrier protein. Active Transport uses cellular energy to move them against a Gradient, Polar Repulsion, or other resistance. Active transport is usually associated with accumulating high concentrations of molecules that the cell needs, such as Ions, glucose and Amino Acids. There are three main types of Active Transports. The three main types of Active transports are: The Sodium-Potassium pump, Exocytosis, and Endocytosis. The sodium-potassium pump deals with the active transport of sodium and potassium inside and outside the cells. The transport of sodium and potassium is very significante to the body because it is used to maintain the homeostasis in the cells. The active transport of large particles in or out of the cell can be done with endocytosis. The largest partials can be disposed through endocytosis. Exocytosis has the opposite direction with endocytosis. It transports the substances or particles inside the cell to the outside of the cell.
Passive Transport
Passive transport is a movement of biochemical and other atomic or molecular substances across the Cell membrane without the need of energy input. Unlike the Active transport, it does not require an input of cellular energy, because it is instead driven by the tendency of the system to grow in entropy. Passive Transport relies on the innate permeability of the cell membrane and its component protein and lipids. There are four main types of Passive Transports. One of the most common types of Passive Transport is Osmosis, which is solely responsible for moving water through a cell's membrane. Other kinds of particles can also move through the cell membrane as well. They are usually very small molecules such as oxygen and simply pass between the spaces in the lipid bilayer of a cell's membrane. Another type of passive transport is Diffusion. Diffusion is the overall movement of material from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Facilitated Diffusion is the carrier-medicated transport of large molecules through the cell membrane using transport protein embedded within the cell membrane. Filtration is the movement of solute molecules and water across a membrane by normal cardiovascular pressure. The passive transport is a virtual process that the cells need to survive.